Kamangidwe, Kusankha ndi  Makonzedwe  a Sprinkler ulimi wothirira  System

Sprinkler  for Irrigation and Its Design

The sprinkler ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri ya dongosolo ulimi wothirira sprinkler. Madzi ndi zovuta opopera mu mpweya mu izo, amwaza mu m'malovu ang'ono ndi opopera wogawana m'dera kubzala.

ulimi wothirira Anyou amakhulupirira kuti kusankha ndi makonzedwe a sprinklers mu kamangidwe ka dongosolo ulimi wothirira sprinkler ndi chofunika kwambiri zokhudza khalidwe la madzi ulimi wothirira mu dongosolo lonse ulimi wothirira. Posankha sprinkler kusiya kuganizira ntchito zake, monga kuthamanga ntchito, ikuyenda mlingo, utali wozungulira osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo sprinkler ulimi wothirira mwamphamvu ndi chosinthika gawo sprinkler njingayo, Anyou ulimi komanso amaganizira zinthu monga chovomerezeka ulimi wothirira sprinkler mphamvu ya nthaka, kukula ndi mawonekedwe a chiwembu, mitundu udzu, zinthu kasupe ndi zofunika wosuta.

Komanso, mu gulu lomwelo ulimi wothirira wa ntchito chimodzimodzi kapena ntchito limodzi, ndi bwino kusankha sprinkler ndi mtundu wofanana kapena ntchito, kuti magawowa ulamuliro wa ulimi wothirira pachilichonse ndi ntchito ndi kasamalidwe dongosolo lonse.

Dongosolo la sprinklers mu dongosolo ulimi wothirira sprinkler zikuphatikizapo mitundu sprinklers, cm wa sprinklers pamodzi mipope nthambi ndi cm a mipope nthambi. The rationality kakonzedwe sprinkler mwachindunji ndi khalidwe la madzi ulimi wothirira mu dongosolo lonse.

 Sprinkler  mtundus and Selection in Sprinkler Irrigation System

Anyou ulimi wothirira amapereka osiyanasiyana sprinklers, amene anawagawa sprinklers osiyanasiyana ka mamita 0.6-6, sprinklers zosiyanasiyana sing'anga mamita 5-13, sprinklers zosiyanasiyana sing'anga mamita 9-18 ndi sprinklers osiyanasiyana lalikulu mamita oposa 20.

Small osiyanasiyana yaying'ono sprinkler angathe kugawidwa onsewo sprinkler yaying'ono ndi Misting yaying'ono sprinkler poyamba njira ya effluent. Unsembe njira anawagawa mtundu ubwenzi ndi mtundu ikulendewera. The kupopera utali wozungulira sprinklers izi Anyou ndi 0.6m, 1m, 2m, 3M ndi 6m. Various kupopera maonekedwe ndi chosinthika nozzles ngodya akhoza anasankha, ndipo ali mkulu sprinkler ulimi wothirira mwamphamvu. Izo si oyenera ulimi wothirira yaing'ono, komanso chitsamba chilichonse ndi ulimi wothirira tchinga, kuyeretsa fumbi, ndi kutentha kuchepetsa. Ambiri nozzles awa ndi "chikufanana ulimi wothirira mwamphamvu nozzles". Ndiko kunena kuti, ulimi wothirira mwamphamvu zawo zimakhala chimodzimodzi ngati lodzala bwalo kupopera, theka-bwalo kupopera kapena 90 madigiri ndipo kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino zina. Mkhalidwe umenewu n'kopindulitsa kwambiri kuonetsetsa pachilichonse za kupopera Mwachitsanzo system.For, Anti tizilombo sprinkler wa Anyou ulimi wothirira Ay-1119 ali 5 zamitundu nozzle, amene 1.0mm, 1.2mm, 1.4mm, 1.6mm, 1.8mm, 2.0mm .This kapangidwe zimapangitsa mlingo otaya yaying'ono-sprinkler kufika 42L / H ku 213 L / H, amene amathetsa zosowa zosiyanasiyana alimi.

Ambiri a ang'ono ndi sing'anga sprinklers osiyanasiyana ndi amadza sprinklers, monga Anyou sprinkler AY-5003, Anyou sprinkler AY-5022, ndi osiyanasiyana mamita 5-12, sprinklers awa ali oyenera ulimi wothirira sprinkler malo sing'anga-kakulidwe wobiriwira ndi zitsamba , masamba ndi maluwa.

Makamaka makina sprinkler wa Anyou AY-5205, ndi osiyanasiyana 8-13meters, ndi njira yake yapadera kupopera ndi wosayerekezeka makhalidwe madzi yopulumutsa, makamaka oyenera mumbali dziko ndi kubzala atsopano kupopera.

Ambiri mwa sprinklers osiyanasiyana pakati ndi makina sprinklers, monga Anyou ulimi wothirira AY-5105, AY-5030P, AY-5104A, etc. sprinklers ulimi wothirira izi zikhoza kugawidwa mu sprinklers pulasitiki ndipo sprinklers zitsulo mogwirizana ndi zida zawo. sprinklers awa ali oyenera ulimi m'madera sing'anga-kakulidwe wobiriwira. Monga Anyou ulimi wothirira AY-5105 ndi 5 nozzles, ali kupopera umapangitsa ndipo amaonetsetsa yunifolomu linanena bungwe la madzi mu kupopera osiyanasiyana.

Large osiyanasiyana sprinklers anapangidwa wa kasakaniza wazitsulo, amene Mitandadza ali pamwamba mamita 20. makhalidwe amenewa ndi mphamvu mkulu mvetsetsa kukana wabwino. Kuwonjezera lalikulu m'dera ulimi wothirira, izo ndi oyenera fumbi wanga kuchotsa dongosolo.

Chovomerezeka sprinkler ulimi wothirira mphamvu ya nthaka ndi imodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu zokhudza kusankha sprinkler. Sprinkler ulimi wothirira mwamphamvu amatanthauza akuya madzi sprayed pansi mu nthawi unit. Anyou ulimi zambiri amaona mphamvu ya ulimi wothirira ophatikizana sprinkler, chifukwa dongosolo ulimi wothirira kwenikweni wapangidwa sprinklers angapo ntchito pa nthawi yomweyo. Lamulo mwamphamvu ulimi wothirira sprinkler ndi madzi adzalowerera mu nthaka yomweyo pambuyo alinkugwa pansi popanda puddles ndi pamwamba paulimi. Ndiko kunena kuti, ophatikizana ulimi wothirira sprinkler mwamphamvu (ρ osakaniza) wa sprinklers ayenera kukhala osachepera kapena kukhala wofanana ndi mlingo madzi kusalola nthaka. Reference mfundo za chovomerezeka ulimi wothirira sprinkler mwamphamvu (ρ chovomerezeka) kwa mitundu yonse ya dothi amaoneka mu tebulo pansipa.

Tikutsata ndondomeko za kuwerengetsa mphamvu ya ulimi wothirira ophatikizana sprinkler chiri motere: ρ kuphatikiza (mamilimita / h) = 1000q / A. : 'Q' zingati otaya sprinkler umodzi (M3 / h); 'A' ndi zothandiza dera sprinkler umodzi (m ²).

Komanso, Anyou ulimi wothirira zikusonyeza, ndi chovomerezeka ulimi wothirira sprinkler mphamvu ya nthaka utachepa kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa masinthidwe amtundu topographic. Ngati otsetsereka ndi oposa 12%, ndi chovomerezeka ulimi wothirira sprinkler mphamvu ya nthaka adzakhala kuchepetsedwa ndi oposa 50%. Choncho mwapadera ayenera linaperekedwa kwa kusankha mutu sprinkler kwa ukachenjede ya fluctuation topographic.

S prinklers  A rrangement mu S prinkler Ine rrigation S ystem

Kuphatikiza sprinklers zimadalira kwenikweni pa mawonekedwe a chiwembu ndi chikoka cha mphepo. Nthaŵi zambiri amakona anayi ndi triangular, kapena ali wapadera lalikulu ndi kansalu. Amakona anayi kapena lalikulu mawonekedwe ndi oyenera ziwembu zonse m'mbali kumanja. Kamangidwe ka mtundu umenewu ndi osavuta komanso zosavuta kuti otaya lililonse chitoliro nthambi moyenera kwambiri. The kansalu kapena wokhazikika makona mawonekedwe ndi oyenera ziwembu osasamba kapena kutsegula chiwembu malire, ngakhale kupopera osiyanasiyana kuposa mbali ya malire, iyenera mphamvu kwenikweni. Dongosolo limeneli lili ndi amphamvu mphepo kukana, kupopera pachilichonse ndi apamwamba kuposa amakona anayi kapena lalikulu, ndipo chiwerengero cha sprinklers ntchito ndi ochepa, koma si zophweka kuti otaya lililonse chitoliro nthambi moyenera. Nthawi zina mawonekedwe a chipika ndi zovuta, kapena pali zopinga mu chipika, kotero kuti kuphatikiza kwa sprinklers ndi osasamba. Pamene kukonza dongosolo ulimi wothirira sprinkler, Anyou ulimi wothirira zikusonyeza kuti ntchito lalikulu kapena Kamangidwe makona kutali zedi.

Pamene Anyou ulimi wothirira zimapangitsa dongosolo lalikulu, mtunda pakati pa sprinklers ndi mipope ya nthambi ndi ofanana, koma mtunda pakati sprinklers ndi nthawi 1,41 wa pakati pa mipope nthambi. Poona mphamvu ya mphepo, analimbikitsa mtunda pakati sprinklers nthawi 0.9-1.1 cha uthunthu (R) wa sprinklers, monga tikuonera tebulo pansipa.

Dongosolo lalikulu la sprinklers ndi Anyou ulimi wothirira

Pamene makona zonse zoti, mtunda wa pakati sprinklers ndi ofanana, koma mtunda pakati pa nthambi nthawi 0,866 momwe mtunda pakati sprinklers lapansi. Poona mphamvu ya mphepo, Anyou ulimi wothirira akuonetsa cm wa sprinklers nthawi 1.0-1.2 cha uthunthu (R) wa sprinklers, monga tikuonera tebulo pansipa:

The makona dongosolo la sprinklers ndi Anyou ulimi wothirira

Pambuyo mawonekedwe a sprinkler udzatha, Anyou ulimi wothirira zikusonyeza kuti aletse ophatikizana ulimi wothirira sprinkler mphamvu ya dongosolo, malinga ndi zotsatira leni Kamangidwe. Makamaka ku dera ngodya ya chipika, chifukwa sprinkler zambiri theka-zozungulira kapena madigiri 90 m'malo mwa utumiki wa bwalo sprinkler, ngati anasankha nozzle ndi chimodzimodzi utumiki wa bwalo sprinkler pakati pa chipika, mphamvu ya sprinkler ulimi mderali adzakhala ambiri apamwamba kuposa kuti pakati pa chipika. Choncho, pofuna kuonetsetsa zabwino kupopera pachilichonse za dongosolo, ndi sprinklers anaika mu ngodya ayenera akhale okonzeka ndi milingo 2-3 ang'onoang'ono kuposa sprinklers pakati pa chiwembu.